Version 1.1

Date: 31.01.2026

IMPORTANT APPLICABILITY NOTICE

These Terms and Rules (the “Rules”) apply only where they are expressly incorporated by written contract between an Operator and a Guest, by specific reference to these Rules and their Version/Date. If not expressly incorporated, these Rules do not apply.

1. PURPOSE, SCOPE, AND ROLES

1.1 Purpose

These Rules provide (i) a minimum-specificity standard for public reviews concerning a stay, and (ii) an expedited, due-process-compliant dispute resolution process for review disputes under two tracks:

(a) Track A (Minimum Particulars / Compliance); and

(b) Track B (Factual Accuracy / Unlawful Content / Privacy).

1.2 Scope

These Rules apply to disputes between the contracting Operator and Guest relating to a “Public Review” concerning:

(a) the stay;

(b) the property; and/or

(c) the other contracting party.

1.3 Seat and governing arbitration law

Any arbitration under these Rules is seated in Dubai, United Arab Emirates and is governed procedurally by Federal Law No. (6) of 2018 Concerning Arbitration, as amended (the “UAE Arbitration Law”), together with these Rules and the underlying Operator–Guest contract.

1.4 Role of Christian Vincenz Kahlert

(a) Publication role. Christian Vincenz Kahlert publishes these Rules as a contractual procedural framework.

(b) Delegated person role (appointment/facilitation). Where the underlying contract so provides, Christian Vincenz Kahlert may act as a “delegated person” for limited procedural purposes permitted under the UAE Arbitration Law, including facilitating standard-form notices and the appointment mechanics described herein.

(c) Arbitrator role. Where the underlying contract names Christian Vincenz Kahlert as sole arbitrator, he may act as arbitrator only upon separate written acceptance in the specific case following conflict checks and required disclosures.

1.5 No arbitration institution and no legal services

These Rules do not constitute operation of an arbitration institution and do not constitute legal advice. Any arbitration is conducted independently by the appointed arbitrator.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1 Operator / Guest

As defined in the underlying contract.

2.2 Platform

Any third-party platform or service on which a Public Review is published, including (without limitation) Google, Airbnb, Booking.com, and social media platforms.

2.3 Public Review

Any review, rating, comment, message, post, caption, or other content published by or at the direction of a party concerning the stay, the property, or the other party on any Platform.

2.4 Minimum Particulars

If the Guest or the Operator publishes any Public Review (“Public Review”), the posting party shall include at least one objective factual anchor (“Minimum Particulars”), such as: (a) a brief factual description of the specific incident; and/or (b) an approximate date and/or time reference.

2.5 Non-Compliant Review Content

(a) A Public Review that contains only conclusory or general evaluative characterisations (e.g., “very bad”, “terrible”, “unsafe”, “scam”) without Minimum Particulars; and/or

(b) A Public Review that contains a specific factual allegation and, when requested through the Cure Notice stage, the posting party fails to identify the factual basis for that allegation with reasonable clarity (e.g., what happened, when, and what factual evidence the posting party relies upon).

2.6 Track A dispute

A dispute concerning whether the Public Review is Non-Compliant Review Content and whether it was cured in accordance with these Rules.

2.7 Track B dispute

A dispute alleging that a Public Review contains materially false or materially misleading factual allegations (not mere opinion), unlawful content, or unlawful infringement of privacy.

2.8 Cure

A cure is one of the following, as applicable:

(a) amendment to include Minimum Particulars;

(b) correction of a challenged factual allegation; and/or

(c) removal of the Public Review (or the challenged part) within the posting party’s control.

2.9 Service Log

A record of service attempts and delivery confirmations under these Rules.

2.10 Permitted Assignee

A third party to whom a party assigns, by written instrument, a claim/receivable and associated rights under the underlying contract and these Rules, including the right to commence/continue arbitration and/or enforce an award, provided the assignment is notified under Section 9.

3. MINIMUM PARTICULARS STANDARD FOR PUBLIC REVIEWS

3.1 Mutual minimum standard

If either party posts a Public Review, the posting party shall include Minimum Particulars.

3.2 Negative reviews allowed

These Rules do not prohibit negative reviews; they regulate minimum specificity and factual integrity.

4. ENTRY OPTIONS AND MANDATORY PRE-STEP

4.1 Two entry tracks

A claimant may initiate either:

(a) Track A: Minimum Particulars / Non-Compliant Review Content; or

(b) Track B: Factual Accuracy / Unlawful Content / Privacy.

4.2 Mandatory pre-step

Unless cure is manifestly impracticable (including urgent privacy risk), the Cure Notice stage in Section 5 applies before arbitration may be commenced.

5. CURE NOTICE STAGE

5.1 Submission to open a Cure Notice file

The initiating party (“Claimant”) submits:

(a) a copy of the signed Operator–Guest contract incorporating these Rules (or the signed page containing the incorporation clause);

(b) screenshots and links sufficient to identify the Public Review;

(c) contact details for the posting party as stated in the contract (email and WhatsApp/SMS number, if provided);

(d) Track selection (A or B) and a short statement of why; and

(e) the requested cure (amendment and/or removal and/or correction).

5.2 Cure Notice issuance

A Cure Notice is issued within two (2) business days of a complete submission, requiring cure within forty-eight (48) hours of effective service, unless extended for fairness or manifest impracticability.

5.3 Service methods

Service may be effected by email and WhatsApp/SMS to the contractual contact details. A Service Log is maintained.

5.4 Deemed service

Service is deemed effective upon delivery confirmation on at least one channel, or otherwise as agreed in the underlying contract.

5.5 Outcomes

(a) Cured and accepted: file closed.

(b) Cured but disputed: either party may request arbitration under Track B within seven (7) days.

(c) Not cured / refused / no response: the Claimant may request arbitration under Track A, and/or Track B where applicable.

6. ARBITRATION ELECTION NOTICE

6.1 Election Notice

Where the Cure Notice outcome is 5.5(b) or 5.5(c), an Election Notice may be served stating:

(a) arbitration will be commenced unless cure occurs within twenty-four (24) hours or the posting party confirms in writing its position; and

(b) if the posting party is silent, arbitration may be commenced and may proceed on the evidence available, subject to due process.

6.2 No waiver

Silence is not treated as an admission of liability. Silence affects procedure only (i.e., the process may continue).

7. COMMENCEMENT OF ARBITRATION AND APPOINTMENT

7.1 Request for Arbitration

Arbitration is commenced by filing a written Request for Arbitration including:

(a) the contract and incorporation clause;

(b) Cure Notice, Election Notice (if any), and Service Log;

(c) Public Review evidence (screenshots/links);

(d) Track(s) pleaded and relief sought; and

(e) evidence relevant to Minimum Particulars and/or accuracy.

7.2 Sole arbitrator

Unless the contract provides otherwise, the dispute shall be decided by one (1) independent natural-person arbitrator.

7.3 Appointment and acceptance

(a) Where the contract names Christian Vincenz Kahlert as sole arbitrator, appointment is subject to his written acceptance after disclosure/conflict checks.

(b) If he declines or is unable to act, a substitute arbitrator shall be appointed under the fallback appointment method set out in the underlying contract or, failing that, by the competent Court in accordance with the UAE Arbitration Law.

7.4 Independence and disclosure

Any arbitrator must disclose circumstances likely to cast doubts on impartiality/independence and must remain independent and impartial throughout the proceedings.

7.5 Challenge

Any challenge is handled under the challenge mechanism stated in the underlying contract; failing that, it is handled under the UAE Arbitration Law. Where Christian Vincenz Kahlert is the arbitrator, he shall not act as the deciding authority for challenges.

8. PROCEDURE AND TIMELINES

8.1 Default procedure

The default procedure is documents-only. The arbitrator may order a short remote hearing (maximum 30 minutes) if necessary for due process.

8.2 Communications

Notices and submissions may be exchanged by email. WhatsApp/SMS may be used for notices and service confirmation.

8.3 Default timetable (unless varied for fairness)

(a) Statement of Claim: within three (3) calendar days of the arbitrator’s Procedural Order No. 1.

(b) Statement of Defence: within three (3) calendar days after service of the Statement of Claim.

(c) Reply (optional): within two (2) calendar days after service of the defence.

(d) Award: within ten (10) calendar days of the final submission deadline, extendable where required for fairness.

8.4 Non-participation

If a party fails to submit a defence, appear, or produce documents without valid excuse, the arbitrator may continue the proceedings and decide based on the available evidence, while ensuring a fair opportunity to be heard.

9. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBSTITUTION

9.1 Contractual consent to assignment for enforcement and collection

Where the underlying contract so provides, each party pre-consents that the other party may assign:

(a) any claim/receivable arising out of a Public Review dispute; and

(b) associated procedural rights under the arbitration agreement and these Rules,

to a Permitted Assignee for purposes of pursuing arbitration and/or enforcement.

9.2 Notice and substitution

(a) An assignment must be notified in writing to the other party and to the arbitrator (or to the delegated person pre-appointment), attaching the assignment instrument or a redacted copy sufficient to evidence the transfer.

(b) The arbitrator may order substitution of the claimant/respondent where satisfied that the arbitration agreement and claim have been validly transferred and due process is preserved.

9.3 No prejudice to consumer protections

Nothing in this section is intended to circumvent mandatory consumer protections or mandatory rules on standing, representation, or enforcement procedures.

10. DECISION STANDARDS

10.1 Track A

The arbitrator shall determine:

(a) whether the content is Non-Compliant Review Content;

(b) whether Cure Notice service occurred and cure was provided within the cure period; and

(c) proportionate remedy, including permission to repost a compliant review if appropriate.

10.2 Track B

The arbitrator shall determine:

(a) the challenged factual allegation(s) (distinguishing opinion from fact);

(b) whether the allegation(s) are materially false, materially misleading, unlawful, or unlawfully infringe privacy; and

(c) proportionate remedy.

10.3 Burden and standard

The party asserting a fact bears the burden to show it on the balance of probabilities unless mandatory law requires otherwise.

10.4 Amiable compositeur

The tribunal may act ex aequo et bono only if expressly authorised by the underlying contract and only to the extent permitted by mandatory UAE law, without prejudice to public order, morality, or mandatory consumer protections.

11. REMEDIES

11.1 Between the parties only

Any order binds only the contracting parties.

11.2 Non-monetary remedies

The arbitrator may order:

(a) amendment to add Minimum Particulars;

(b) correction of identified factual allegations;

(c) removal of Non-Compliant Review Content within the posting party’s control; and/or

(d) submission of a takedown/correction request to the Platform with proof (screenshots/emails), where within the posting party’s control.

11.3 No binding of platforms

No award binds any Platform. The posting party may be ordered to take reasonable steps within its control.

11.4 Monetary remedies where contractually agreed

Where the underlying contract incorporates or states monetary remedies, the arbitrator may award, to the extent permitted by applicable law:

(a) contractual liquidated damages (including a fixed amount) for Non-Compliant Review Content not cured and/or materially false factual allegations;

(b) arbitration costs and fees, including arbitrator fees and any agreed administration/filing amounts;

(c) reasonable court fees actually incurred for recognition/enforcement; and

(d) interest at the agreed contractual rate from the date stated in the contract or, if stated, from the date of award.

12. AWARD AND SERVICE

12.1 Form

The award shall be in writing and signed and include brief reasons sufficient to record: track, service/cure opportunity, findings, and relief.

12.2 Service

A true copy (or signed copy) shall be served by email to each party.

13. FEES AND COSTS

13.1 Fee basis

Fees and cost mechanics are as agreed in the underlying contract or incorporation clause.

13.2 Deposits

The arbitrator may require a deposit for fees/costs prior to proceeding. If the deposit is not paid, the arbitrator may suspend or terminate proceedings as appropriate.

13.3 Costs allocation

Unless the contract provides otherwise, costs may follow the event and may be apportioned based on success, proportionality, and party conduct.

14. CONFIDENTIALITY

14.1 Confidentiality

Proceedings and awards are confidential to the extent permitted by law, without prejudice to disclosure required for court recognition/enforcement or for a takedown request.

15. MANDATORY RIGHTS AND AUTHORITIES

15.1 Mandatory rights

Nothing limits or waives mandatory consumer rights, the right to seek urgent interim relief from competent courts, or the right to submit complaints to competent authorities.

16. LANGUAGE

16.1 Contract language

Where the underlying contract is bilingual Arabic/English and states Arabic prevails, Arabic prevails in case of inconsistency.

16.2 Arbitration language

The arbitration may be conducted in English unless the underlying contract specifies otherwise. Parties acknowledge that court enforcement onshore may require a certified Arabic translation of the award.

17. VERSIONING

17.1 Version control

These Rules are maintained in versioned form. Only the version expressly identified in the underlying contract applies to that contract. Amendments apply prospectively only.

LEGAL NOTICES

A. Consent to act as arbitrator

Nothing on this website constitutes a standing offer, obligation, or advance consent by Christian Vincenz Kahlert to act as arbitrator. Any appointment is subject to express acceptance in the specific dispute, following conflict checks and required disclosures.

B. Independence and non-representation

Christian Vincenz Kahlert acts independently and does not represent, advise, or act on behalf of any operator, guest, platform, or other third party.

C. No services offered

Publication of these Rules and arbitration-related documents on this website does not constitute offering or providing regulated arbitration services, legal services, or dispute resolution services.